AP BIOLOGY GRADE - XII

Duration

10 Months

Prerequisites

Biology 1, Chemistry 1 and Algebra 1 recommended

Requirements

Urry, L., Cain, M., Wasserman, S., Minorsky, P. Orr, R. Campbell Biology in Focus. Third AP Edition. New Jersey: Pearson Education Inc., 2020.
Household items for lab experiments

Course Summary

This challenging two-semester course engages you in a wide variety of activities. There is substantial emphasis on interpreting and collecting data in virtual labs, writing analytical essays, and mastering biology concepts.

MAJOR TOPICS AND CONCEPTS

Chemistry of Life

Structure of Water and Hydrogen Bonding
Elements of Life
Introduction to Biological Macromolecules
Structure and Function of Biological Macromolecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Size
Plasma Membranes and Permeability
Membrane Transport
Facilitated Diffusion
Tonicity and Osmoregulation
Mechanism of Transport
Cell Compartmentalization

Cellular Energetics

Enzymes
Environmental Impacts on Enzyme Function
Cellular Energy
Photosynthesis
Cellular
Respiration
Fitness

Cell Communication and Cell Cycle

Signal Transduction
Changes in Signal Transduction Pathways
Cell Cycle
Regulation of Cell Cycle

Heredity

Meiosis
Meiosis and Genetic Diversity
Mendelian Genetics
Environmental Effects on Phenotype
Chromosomal Inheritance

Gene Expression and Regulation

DNA and RNA Structure
Replication
Transcription and RNA Processing
Translation Regulation of Gene Expression
Gene Expression and Cell Specialization
Mutations
Biotechnology

Natural Selection

Artificial Selection
Population Genetics
Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
Evidence of Evolution
Phylogeny
Speciation and Extinction
Variations in Populations
Origins of Life

Ecology

Responses to the Environment
Energy Flow Through Ecosystems
Population Ecology
Effects of Density of Populations
Community Ecology
Biodiversity
Disruption to Ecosystems

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